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Ideally, any computer-based analysis should be familiar to engineers. If the computer-based design or analysis is new to the user, it is imperative to spend the extra time necessary to learn the software.
Some groups of designers may be incapable of handling the computations necessary to design a culvert. For example, enthusiasts of the Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) approach are usually outside the scope of this application, but anyone familiar with this powerful technique may well be able to handle the culvert design software if the necessary computations can be kept simple.
Basic design calculations Must be able to calculate what is essentially a hydraulic network. There are very few programs that can do this. Most design a culvert based on assumption and guesswork. This minimizes costs because a culvert design only has to be in the tens of feet long.
As a model of a culvert, a simple duct will be used. The model is made in ideal shape (no wear) so that the inlet and outlet are very close together. The surface area of the inlet that threads into the barrel must be equal to that of the barrel. The inlet height should be 0.25 times the barrel height.
The hydraulic conductivity of the model should be adjusted to the property of the actual culvert. This is accomplished by adjusting the property of the material used to make the model. If an antique planter is made from concrete, it may have a lower hydraulic conductivity than a modern culvert. This should be adjusted in the software to reflect the property of the actual culvert.
Exiting the culvert It is impossible to correctly determine what the rate of discharge is if the conduit is designed to act as a conduit. Thus, the determination of the culvert design should be based upon the design assumption that the culvert is either to be backfilled or to be positively restrained (e.g., by a metal grate or a concrete veneer). It is possible, however, to design a culvert that will backfill under low flow conditions. d2c66b5586